Counseling Blog | LGBTQ+ Couples & Individuals

October 3, 2025 by Alan Zupka

6 Grounding Techniques to Manage Panic Attacks in the Moment

Finding Calm in the Storm: Grounding Techniques for Panic Attacks

A sudden wave of dread can stop you in your tracks. Your heart pounds, your breathing becomes shallow, and an overwhelming fear takes hold, despite there being no apparent danger around you. It may feel as though you are losing control or experiencing a medical crisis. In those moments, panic attacks can feel all-consuming.

Although panic attacks are distressing, they are not life-threatening. There are tools that can help you return to the present and regain a sense of safety. Grounding techniques gently redirect your attention from racing thoughts to the here and now, helping to ease both physical and emotional intensity.

As a therapist, I integrate the principles of narrative therapy, positive psychology, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and mindfulness to help my clients better understand and re-author their experiences with anxiety and panic. Part of this process includes learning practical skills for moments of acute distress.

Six Grounding Techniques You Can Use Anywhere

These grounding strategies are simple, accessible, and designed to help you reorient during panic. I encourage you to try each one and observe which techniques resonate most for you.

5-4-3-2-1 Sensory Awareness: Identify 5 things you can see, 4 things you can physically touch, 3 things you can hear, 2 things you can smell, and 1 thing you can taste. This technique anchors your awareness in the present by engaging your senses.
Cold Water Reset
Splash: cold water on your face or hold an ice cube in your hand. The sudden temperature change stimulates the vagus nerve, helping your body shift from a state of panic to one of calm.
Name and Describe Objects: Choose an object nearby and describe it in vivid detail. What is its color, texture, shape, or temperature? This helps activate the logical part of your brain and reduces the power of overwhelming thoughts.
Box Breathing
Breathe: in for a count of 4, hold for 4, exhale for 4, and pause for another 4 before repeating. This structured breath pattern signals safety to your nervous system and slows down physiological responses to panic.
Grounding Object: Carry a smooth stone, coin, or small object that you can hold and manipulate when feeling anxious. The physical sensation can act as a steady reminder that you are safe and grounded.
Gentle Movement: Stretch, pace slowly, or take a short walk. Movement can help release built-up energy, soothe physical tension, and bring you back into connection with your body.

While these tools can be powerful, grounding techniques are not meant to replace deeper therapeutic work. They are part of a larger journey. In therapy, I work with individuals to explore the root of their panic, identify unhelpful thought patterns, and build new, life-affirming narratives. Together, we uncover what your body and mind may be trying to communicate; gently, curiously, and without judgment.

You Deserve Peace

You are not broken, and you are not alone. Panic may be a chapter in your story, but it does not have to define the rest of the narrative. If you are ready to begin healing, I invite you to reach out. I specialize in helping people find relief from anxiety and panic through evidence-based practices and compassionate care.

Relief is possible—and it begins with one brave step.

September 29, 2025 by Alan Zupka

So, You’re Neurodivergent: Guidance for Those Diagnosed With ADHD Late in Life

Understanding a Late ADHD Diagnosis: A New Chapter of Self-Awareness and Growth

Receiving a diagnosis of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) later in life can be a profoundly emotional and eye-opening experience. For many, it provides long-awaited clarity for lifelong struggles that may have once been interpreted as personal shortcomings, such as difficulty with organization, impulsivity, restlessness, or inconsistent focus.

At the same time, this realization may bring a sense of grief or disorientation, as you begin to understand that the version of yourself you have lived with was filtered through misunderstanding and unmet needs.

In my practice, I view this discovery not as a conclusion but as the beginning of a meaningful re-authoring of your personal story.

What a Late ADHD Diagnosis May Look Like

Adults diagnosed later in life often present differently than common ADHD stereotypes suggest. You may not consistently miss appointments, forget daily responsibilities, or appear disorganized outwardly. Perhaps you performed well in school or have achieved professional success. And yet, you may still find yourself:

Struggling to complete projects or manage time effectively
Feeling hypersensitive to criticism or rejection
Battling frequent distractions or experiencing internal chaos
Experiencing emotional outbursts or difficulty regulating mood
Feeling chronically burned out from work, relationships, or daily demands

Often, adults with ADHD develop sophisticated ways to compensate or “mask” their symptoms. While these strategies may help navigate daily life, they frequently come at a cost: exhaustion, anxiety, or the nagging sense that you are always falling short.

When viewed through a narrative therapy lens, these challenges are not character flaws, but the results of a life lived without the insight or support you deserved. Naming the neurodivergence allows us to rewrite those limiting narratives into ones grounded in self-compassion and possibility.

How Therapy Can Support Neurodivergent Adults

Therapy for ADHD is not about fixing what is wrong; it is about understanding how your brain uniquely functions and creating a life that aligns with your values, preferences, and strengths.

In my work, I help clients develop emotional regulation and frustration tolerance skills, cultivate executive functioning tools (such as task management, time blocking, and reminders), and explore how past experiences, especially those from childhood, may have shaped current struggles.

Through a combination of cognitive behavioral strategies, mindfulness practices, and strength-based approaches rooted in positive psychology, we work together to reduce self-blame and increase self-trust.

Many clients also address co-occurring concerns such as anxiety, obsessive-compulsive tendencies, depression, or low self-esteem. These challenges often arise from years of navigating life without adequate understanding, support, or validation.

You Are Not Alone, and You Are Not Broken

Discovering that you are neurodivergent is not the end of your story, it is the beginning of a more honest and empowered chapter. I believe deeply in your capacity to thrive and grow with the proper support. If you are ready to explore ADHD therapy through a lens that honors your lived experience and helps you reshape your inner narrative, I invite you to reach out. Together, we can co-create new pathways for healing, clarity, and self-acceptance.

September 26, 2025 by Alan Zupka

Digital Detox Guide: Protecting Your Mental Health From Social Media Overload

Reclaiming Mental Clarity: The Power of a Digital Detox

In a world filled with constant notifications, endless scrolling, and the pressure to remain connected at all times, social media can become overwhelming. While these platforms offer community, entertainment, and access to information, they also have the potential to contribute to anxiety, diminished self-worth, and emotional fatigue.

From the lens of narrative therapy, I invite you to consider the story you are telling about your relationship with technology. Are you the author of your digital life, or has the narrative been taken over by algorithms and comparison? Together, we can explore ways to rewrite this story with intention, purpose, and clarity.

Although social media can enhance connection, I encourage you to ask whether your digital habits are enhancing your wellbeing or quietly eroding it. A digital detox, an intentional pause from screens, can help you reconnect with your values, improve focus, and return to the present moment.

Signs That It May Be Time to Log Off

The decision to step back often begins with self-awareness. Here are some common signs that suggest it may be time to consider a break:

You experience anxiety, irritability, or sadness after scrolling.
Your sleep is disrupted by late-night screen use.
You feel a compulsion to check your phone frequently.
You compare your life to the curated highlights of others.
You feel emotionally overstimulated or mentally exhausted by the constant flow of content.

From a CBT perspective, recognizing these patterns allows you to identify triggers and make conscious decisions about how you respond, rather than operating on autopilot.

Strategies for a Meaningful Digital Detox

Once you acknowledge the need for a break, the next step involves creating a plan rooted in mindfulness and self-compassion. A detox does not need to be extreme. Small, consistent changes can foster a healthier and more balanced relationship with technology. Consider the following strategies:

Designate screen-free periods during meals, work hours, or before bed.
Turn off push notifications to minimize distractions.
Curate your feed by unfollowing or muting accounts that generate distress or comparison.
Use screen time tracking apps to develop insight into your usage patterns.
Replace scrolling with mindful activities such as reading, walking, journaling, meditating, or engaging in meaningful offline interactions.

These simple yet powerful shifts align with positive psychology’s emphasis on flourishing and the cultivation of intentional, values-based living.

Therapy Can Support Your Digital Boundaries

If you find that stepping away feels difficult, you are not alone. Therapy offers a supportive space to explore the emotional needs and thought patterns that may be driving compulsive screen use. Together, we can strengthen your self-awareness, practice healthier boundaries, and align your daily habits with the life you want to create.

Your Time and Energy Matter

Mindfulness teaches us that the present moment is where life truly happens. If you are ready to be more intentional with your time, a digital detox may be an act of self-respect and restoration.

As a therapist, I help clients reclaim their mental space and realign their values through compassionate, individualized support. If you are curious about how therapy might support your own digital reset, I invite you to reach out. Together, we can begin the process of restoring balance and protecting your peace of mind.

September 22, 2025 by Alan Zupka

4 Common Types of Depression

Understanding the Different Types of Depression: A Compassionate Overview

Many individuals are familiar with the term depression, but fewer are aware that it can take on different forms. Each person’s experience with depression is shaped by their own story, environment, and inner dialogue. As a therapist, I help my clients name their experiences so they can begin to reclaim their narrative and build a path toward healing. Below, I describe four of the most common types of depression that I regularly work with in my practice.

1. Major Depressive Disorder

Major Depressive Disorder is often characterized by a profound and persistent sense of sadness or a loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities. In order for this diagnosis to be made, at least five symptoms must be present for two consecutive weeks, with at least one being either depressed mood or loss of interest. These episodes can recur over time and may feel overwhelming or isolating. Through cognitive behavioral strategies, we can challenge unhelpful thought patterns, while mindfulness practices help cultivate presence and gentleness toward your emotional state. Together, we can explore your story with compassion and develop tools that foster emotional resilience.

2. Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia)

Persistent Depressive Disorder, also known as dysthymia, is marked by a low-level, chronic feeling of sadness that lasts for an extended period—often two years or more. While the symptoms may not feel as acute as those in major depressive episodes, their ongoing nature can quietly erode self-esteem, motivation, and hope. In my work with clients, I often use positive psychology interventions to identify sources of strength and meaning that may have been overlooked. We also examine how long-standing beliefs about oneself and the world can shift to allow new possibilities to emerge.

3. Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)

Seasonal Affective Disorder typically occurs during the fall and winter months, although it can also affect individuals in the spring and summer. This form of depression is often influenced by changes in light exposure, which can disrupt natural rhythms and impact mood, sleep, and energy levels. Together, we can explore not only the biological and environmental contributors to your experience but also the internal narrative that may emerge during difficult seasons. Using CBT and mindfulness techniques, we can increase emotional awareness and create adaptive rituals that support your well-being year-round.

4. Postpartum Depression

Postpartum Depression is a serious condition that can affect individuals who have recently given birth. It may show up as sadness, anxiety, numbness, exhaustion, or a feeling of disconnection from oneself or the baby. Unlike the “baby blues,” which typically resolve within a few weeks, postpartum depression can linger for months or even years without support. I offer a safe, nonjudgmental space to process these feelings and gently explore the underlying thoughts and pressures that may be contributing to your emotional distress. Through narrative and mindfulness-based approaches, we work to foster self-compassion, reduce guilt, and reframe the story of motherhood or parenting in a way that feels more honest and empowering.

You Deserve Support

If you believe you may be experiencing depression—whether it fits one of these categories or feels like something else entirely—I am here to help. I understand that depression often distorts the way you see yourself and the world, but together we can untangle those stories and build new, more hopeful ones. I will work collaboratively with you to create a personalized plan rooted in your values, strengths, and goals.

Please reach out to schedule a session. You do not have to walk through this alone. Healing begins with one courageous step, and I am here to take that step with you.

Remain Curious